Inyuma
Kuva mu 2004, kunywa amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa byiyongera ku gipimo kitigeze kibaho kubera iterambere ryihuse ryinzego zinganda. Ibibazo bikomeye mu 2005 byari byagize ingaruka ku bikorwa by'amasosiyete menshi y'Abashinwa. Kuva icyo gihe, Ubushinwa bushora imari cyane mu gutanga amashanyarazi kugira ngo asohoze ibisabwa mu nganda bityo akaba afite umutekano mu bukungu. Ubushobozi bwo gutondekanya ibisekuru biruka kuri 443 gw mu mpera za 2004 kugeza 793 GW mu mpera za Amerika, cyangwa inshuro 1.40 yo gukoresha ingufu zubutegetsi .,426 Tw.China TWH muri 2018 kuva 4.690 TWH muri 2011, hamwe nubushobozi bwashyizweho bugera kuri 1.463 gw muri 2011, muri bo 349 GW, na gaze ya 43GW.
Kwanduza no gukwirakwiza
Ku ruhande rwo kwanduza no gukwirakwiza, igihugu cyibanze ku kwagura ubushobozi no kugabanya igihombo na:
1. Kohereza intera ndende-voltage-hejuru-voltage ya voltage itaziguye (UHVDC) na ultra-voltage-voltage-hejuru-voltage ikwirakwiza (UHVAC)
2.Amagare menshi-imikorere ya amorphous amforms
UHV Ikwirakwizwa kwisi yose
Gukwirakwiza UHV hamwe numuzunguruko wa UHVAC umaze kubakwa mu bice bitandukanye byisi. Kurugero, km 2,362 zumuzunguruko wa 1.1620 zubatswe mucyahozesr, na km 427 za KV AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC Ac Imirongo yubushakashatsi bwinzabibu zitandukanye iraboneka mubihugu byinshi. Ariko, ibyinshi muriyi mirongo bikora kuri voltage yo hepfo kubera imbaraga zidahagije cyangwa izindi mpamvu. Hariho ingero nke za UHVDC. Nubwo hari byinshi by'uburebure (cyangwa munsi) imizunguruko ku isi, umugenzuzi w'ikigo wonyine hejuru y'iyi myobo ni aya mashanyarazi ya hydro-quaibec muri 2018) na ItaiPU umushinga wa BV 600 muri Berezile. Mu Burusiya, imirimo yo kubaka kuri kilometero 2000 zirerire ± 750 kv umurongo, hagati ya HVDC EKibaSuz-Centre yatangiye mu 1978 ariko ntabwo yigeze irangira. Muri Amerika mu ntangiriro za 1970 nyuma ya 1333 kv Powerline yateguwe muri sitasiyo ya Celilo yandikiye urugomero. Kubwiyi ntego ingufu zigufi zigerageza hafi ya sitasiyo ya Celilo, ariko umurongo wa Doover Home ntabwo wigeze wubakwa.
Impamvu zo kwanduza UHV mu Bushinwa
Icyemezo cy'Ubushinwa cyo kujya kwa UHV gishingiye ku kuba umutungo w'ingufu uri kure y'ibigo bitwara imitwaro. Abenshi mu bukungu bw'amashanyarazi ari mu burengerazuba, kandi amakara ari mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba, ariko imizigo nini iri mu burasirazuba no mu majyepfo. Kugabanya igihombo cyo kohereza kurwego rucungwa, uhv yohereza ni amahitamo yumvikana. Nkuko leta ya leta ya leta yatangajwe mu nama mpuzamahanga yo mu 2009 ku myambarire mpuzamahanga ya UHV izashora imari ya UHV, mu Bushinwa izashora imari ya miliyoni 600 (hafi miliyari 88 z'amadolari y'Amerika hagati ya none na 2020.
Gushyira mu bikorwa Grid ya UHV ifasha kubaka ibishya, isuku, ibivi bikora neza ibivi bikomoka kure. Amashanyarazi akuze ku nkombe azasezerera. Ibi bizagabanya ubwinshi bwuzuye bwumwanda, kimwe n'umwanda uhuye n'abaturage mu mazu yo mu mijyi. Gukoresha amashanyarazi manini yo hagati atanga amashanyarazi anandukira ibijyanye no gushyuza amashanyarazi hamwe no guteza imbere ingufu mu majyaruguru no guteza imbere ubushobozi bw'Ubushinwa.
UHV Umuzunguruko urangiye cyangwa wubatswe
Kugeza ku 2021, umuzunguruko wa UHV ukora:
Munsi yo kubaka / mugutegura UHV ni:
Impaka kuri UHV
Hano hari impaka zirenze niba inyubako yasabwe na leta ya Grid Galide ni ingamba zo kuba monopolistic no kurwanya ivugurura rya Grid.
Mbere y'amasezerano ya Paris, yatumaga ari ngombwa gusohoza amakara, peteroli na gaze, habaye impaka kuri UHV kuva muri 2004 igihe leta ya Grid Parporation y'Ubushinwa yasabye igitekerezo cy'ubwubatsi bwa Uhv. Impaka zari zibanze kuri UHVAC mugihe igitekerezo cyo kubaka UHVDC cyakiriwe neza. Ibibazo byinshi byaganiriweho ni bine byavuzwe hepfo.
- Umutekano n'ibibazo byifuzo: Hamwe no kubaka imirongo myinshi kandi myinshi ya UHV, incamake y'imbaraga zo kuzenguruka ishyanga ryose irahujwe cyane kandi cyane. Niba impanuka ibaye kumurongo umwe, biragoye kugabanya ingaruka mubice bito. Ibi bivuze ko amahirwe yo kwirabura arimo kwiyongera. Kandi, birashobora kuba byibasiwe niterabwoba.
- Ikibazo cyisoko: Indi mirongo yose ya UHV ikwirakwiza kwisi kuri ubu ikorera kuri voltage yo hepfo kuko nta gisabwa bihagije.ibishobora kohereza intera ndende bikeneye ubushakashatsi bwimbitse. Nubwo umubare munini wamakara uri mumajyaruguru yuburengerazuba, biragoye kubaka amakara yamakara kuko bakeneye amazi menshi kandi ni umutungo wa gake muburasirazuba bwamajyaruguru. Kandi kandi n'iterambere ry'ubukungu mu bushinwa bw'iburengerazuba, icyifuzo cy'amashanyarazi cyateye imbere muri iyi myaka.
- Ibibazo by'ibidukikije no gukora neza: Abahanga bamwe bavuga ko imirongo ya UHV itazarokora ubutaka bwinshi ugereranije no kubaka gari ya moshi yo gutwara amakara ndetse no kubaka amashanyarazi. Ikindi kibazo ni ugukwirakwiza imikorere. Gukoresha ubushyuhe hamwe nubutegetsi kumukoresha imperuka nimbaraga nyinshi kuruta gukoresha imbaraga mumirongo ndende.
- Ikibazo cy'ubukungu: Ishoramari ryose riteganijwe kuba miliyari 270 (hafi miliyari 40 z'amadolari y'Amerika), zihenze kuruta kubaka gari ya moshi nshya yo gutwara amakara.
Nkuko UHV itanga amahirwe yo kohereza ingufu zishobora kuvugurura ahantu kure hamwe nibishoboka byinshi kubikorwa binini byimbaraga zumuyaga hamwe na Photovolletaics. SGCC ivuga ubushobozi bushobora guha imbaraga zumuyaga wa 200 gw mukarere ka XinjianG.
Sichuan D & F Shorcle Co., LTD.Nkumukoresha wambere wibikoresho byamashanyarazi, ibice byamashanyarazi, buke bwa bisi, rigid umuringa wa bisi kandi byoroshye bisi, turi bamwe mu baguzi ba bisi ya leta ya UHVDC. Kubindi bisobanuro, nyamuneka sura urubuga rwanjye kubindi bisobanuro bijyanye nibicuruzwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jan-01-2022
